Monday, April 25, 2016

Are LGBT Rights a Global Right?

On June 26th, 2015, the Supreme Court ruled that gay marriage would become legal nationwide, lifting marriage bans for same sex couples in 13 states.  Growing up in Washington, D.C., I have had the privilege of attending two Gay Pride Parades and experiencing the court ruling first hand. To believe there were still over a dozen states that refused the right of marriage to same sex couples the year I entered college is hard to swallow and difficult for me to understand, living somewhere so liberal. As we approach the first anniversary of this momentous occasion, my curiosity surrounding the subject has grown tremendously, branching to how different countries in the world perceive and handle same sex marriage. Using this post, I am interested in looking at what same sex marriage looks like across the globe and what happens with a label of legal or illegal.
As of the United States 2015 Supreme Court ruling, there are 22 countries that allow same sex marriage. Of these countries, more than half are in Europe. In 2000, The Netherlands became the first country to legalize same sex marriage and by 2010, nine more countries had joined in legalization, including Canada, Spain, South Africa, and Argentina. It is important to note that many of these countries laws still allowed churches and religious groups to deny any marriage they did not want to preform. It is interesting to look at how Ireland gained its legalization. In 2013, Queen Elizabeth II legalized same sex marriage in England and Wales. Northern Ireland and Scotland, however, are semi-autonomous and have their own governing bodies. In April 2014, Ireland did not pass a measure to legalize same sex marriages, which lead Ireland to become the only country in the world to choose to allow same sex marriage by popular vote. This was such a huge moment in Ireland law and for all countries where same sex marriage is illegal as “the decision by the Irish people will encourage LGBT people in all those countries where they are still denied the right to marry.” (Gilmore) It showed these countries that the people’s voice is quite often as strong or stronger than the government. Although some religious groups in countries with legalization are still permitted to prohibit marriage between same sex couples, citizens of these 22 countries have incredible privileges over those in countries where same sex marriage is illegal.
Shifting our focus from Europe to the Middle East, we gain access to the other side of the picture surrounding global gay rights. In many countries where same sex marriage is illegal and LGBT rights are not observed, it is punishable by law to be found participating in intimate same sex activities. There are currently 80 countries in the world where being LGBT is a criminal offense and is punishable by law. Uganda enacted the Anti-Homosexuality Act in 2014, allowing officials to sentence people to life in prison for engaging in same sex activities and even supporting LGBT rights. In Iran, women are punished with 100 lashes for engaging in same sex relations, where men receive the death penalty. It is estimated that 4000 men have been executed since 1979. Grave acts of violence are enacted on LGBT members and supporters, with especially harsh realities in Iraq. Once an Iraqi has come out, they often face horrible violence from their families and communities. Often their only hope is to run and hide. Today, Iraqis must fear their lives if they wish to be openly homosexual, as there are many “religious militias and vigilante groups” (Alizadeh) who have set out to kill and scare any LGBT members from participating.
I would love to talk of the strides the world has made as a whole in accepting gay rights and I can for 22 of the 196 countries. But sadly with the reality or Iraq and many African countries, people live in fear for their lives and very little is being done and can be done to help ease their pain and suffering. Although it is becoming more accepted, it is key to remember that this practice is still highly stigmatized in many countries and is something that will be a continuous fight.

Works Cited
“Should Gay Marriage Be Legal?”
“Gay Marriage Around the World”
“Is Same Sex Marriage the Civil Rights Issue of this Generation?”
“When Coming Out Is a Death Sentence: The Rising Tide of Violence Against LGBT Iraqis”
International LGBT Rights: The Canaries in the Mine Shaft






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